{"id":6301,"date":"2018-10-03T07:42:24","date_gmt":"2018-10-03T06:42:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/?p=6301"},"modified":"2026-02-25T12:45:37","modified_gmt":"2026-02-25T12:45:37","slug":"play-deprivation-early-child-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/play-deprivation-early-child-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Play deprivation can damage early child development"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Educators, parents and policy makers should all be concerned at the rapid decline in unsupervised free <a href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/play\/\">play for children<\/a>, which may damage early child development and later social and emotional learning, according to research.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Sustained, moderate-to-severe play deprivation during the first 10 years of life appears to be linked to poor early child development, later leading to depression, difficulty adapting to change, poorer self-control, and a greater tendency to addiction as well as fragile and shallower interpersonal relationships. Play deprivation in childhood has come up in numerous interviews that I have conducted with some of America\u2019s most violent criminals. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">This emerging evidence is set against childhood environments where outdoor play has decreased by 71 per cent in one generation in the US and UK. Intergenerational play and \u2018family\u2019 games are also in decline. Poverty and fewer opportunities to play are endemic, particularly in inner cities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/286008995_A_history_of_children's_play_and_play_environments_Toward_a_contemporary_child-saving_movement\">Joe Frost<\/a>, the leading American scholar of play, contends that the diminution, modification and\/or disappearance of play during the past 50 years is causing a public health crisis and a threat to societal welfare that may last generations.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #121c4e;color:#121c4e\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #121c4e;color:#121c4e\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/play-deprivation-early-child-development\/#Findings_on_play_and_early_child_development\" >Findings on play and early child development<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/play-deprivation-early-child-development\/#Play_primes_the_brain_for_social_and_emotional_learning\" >Play primes the brain for social and emotional learning\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/play-deprivation-early-child-development\/#Early_child_development_of_young_male_murderers\" >Early child development of young male murderers\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/play-deprivation-early-child-development\/#Early_child_development_underpins_play_%E2%80%98drive\" >Early child development underpins play \u2018drive\u2019\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/play-deprivation-early-child-development\/#Risks_of_%E2%80%98helicopter_parenting_for_social_and_emotional_learning\" >Risks of \u2018helicopter\u2019 parenting for social and emotional learning\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/play-deprivation-early-child-development\/#Play-deprived_early_child_development\" >Play-deprived early child development\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/play-deprivation-early-child-development\/#Play_implications_for_social_and_emotional_learning\" >Play implications for social and emotional learning\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Findings_on_play_and_early_child_development\"><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Findings on play and early child development<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nifplay.org\/play-science\/scientific-disciplines-researching-play\/\">Mounting evidence regarding the impact of play deprivation<\/a> on early child development and social and emotional learning comes from three sources: behavioral studies of mammals; neuroimaging and chemical analysis of animal brains during and after play; and exploring the childhood play histories of thousands of human adults. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The evidence remains incomplete because it would be unethical to deprive human infants or young children of play intentionally. But findings are sufficiently compelling to demand that we rethink early child development policy and practice around play in homes and in early years\u2019 institutions and schools, and that we reconsider how adults lead their lives.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6303\" style=\"width: 1010px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6303\" class=\"wp-image-6303 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_1070772584.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_1070772584.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_1070772584-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_1070772584-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_1070772584-356x237.jpg 356w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_1070772584-50x33.jpg 50w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_1070772584-900x600.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-6303\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: Shutterstock<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Researchers have detailed behavioral evidence in rats showing both the deleterious effects of play deprivation and the positive effects of adequate play. <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Rats do not function well if they don\u2019t play.<\/span> <span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Play-deprived rats can&#8217;t distinguish friend from foe. They don&#8217;t mate well, and they are less resilient than normal rats in response to stress. All rats react with fear and flee if they are subject to a cat odour-laden stimulus. However, rats that play get over it and return to normal. Play-deprived rats don\u2019t get over the stress well.<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Play_primes_the_brain_for_social_and_emotional_learning\"><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Play primes the brain for social and emotional learning<\/span><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">There are parallels with severe play-deprivation in individual humans \u2013 particularly young children who find themselves unable to play because, for example, they are caught up in wars, severe poverty, or abusive home settings. <a href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/childrens-play-during-pandemic\/\">When these children do not play normally<\/a>, they may have real difficulty joining in with the human tribe and recovering from their experiences. That\u2019s because belonging to your own social group is <a href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/playfulness-develops-drive-to-learn\/\">a complex social and emotional learning experience, catalyzed by play<\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">When they reach elementary school, severely play-deprived children may not have learned the complicated <a href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/language-development-in-early-childhood\/\">languages of play<\/a> which harmoniously bring together the cognitive, emotional, physical and social elements that are all necessary for personal competence in playing. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The social and emotional learning that allows safe play between kids occurs slowly. A child who has not had early experience of healthy play may overdo the play process or may simply not understand what is going on. These children can become isolated or bullied, or they may become bullies. The lingering effects of childhood play deficits echo in later adult attitudes about becoming a viable part of a community. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Behavioral evidence around play-deprived children is reinforced by studies of rats. These experiments show the anatomical benefits of healthy play, which activates a wide array of genes in the prefrontal cortex. This is the executive area of the brain, governing decision-making for rats as well as other social mammals, including humans. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Jeffrey Burgdorf at Northwestern University created an experiment in which rats, aged between four and 15 weeks, engaged in rough-and-tumble play. After they had experienced intense play, he found that between 300 and 1,200 genes had been activated in the prefrontal cortex. The late <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Jaak Panksepp, <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">a play neuroscientist<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"> and co-author, with Lucy Biven, of \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/psycnet.apa.org\/record\/2012-02256-000\">The Archaeology of the Mind<\/a><\/span><span class=\"MsoHyperlink\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">,<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">\u2019 <span style=\"color: black;\">suggested that as many as 3,000 genes in the cortex may be activated by play. In short, play seems to be vital in crafting social brains.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>\u201cRats do not function well if they don\u2019t play. They can&#8217;t distinguish friend from foe. They don&#8217;t mate well and they are less resilient than normal rats in their responses to stress.\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">This work needs finer analysis. We do not yet fully understand the processes by which chemicals such as dopamine, endocannabinoids, opiates and IGF-1 are released in the brain. We need to know more about how neurotransmitters and neuro-hormones operate in response to play experiences and how they can influence brain development, functioning and lifetime plasticity.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Early_child_development_of_young_male_murderers\"><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Early child development of young male murderers<\/span><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Another piece helps to build a fuller picture. My own research, conducted since 1968, has involved around 6,000 individually conducted play histories. It correlates play deprivation during early child development with the predilection of felons for violent, antisocial criminal activities. We found the play experience of homicidal individuals to be vastly different from that of other human beings. Their childhoods were typically characterized by isolation, abuse or bullying.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">As a clinician reviewing incarcerated young male murderers, I noted that none of them, in their self-reporting or in family recollections, remembered \u2018normal\u2019 playground rough-and-tumble play. They were unable to remember the names of playground friends. Bullying and inappropriately acted out aggression were their \u2018play\u2019 patterns. There is an intriguing parallel here between rats and antisocial humans: behavioral research shows that rats deprived of rough-and-tumble play don\u2019t possess the social skills to distinguish appropriate from inappropriate aggression.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Early_child_development_underpins_play_%E2%80%98drive\"><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Early child development underpins play \u2018drive\u2019<\/span><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The skills and capacities to play seem to begin to develop in humans very early on, from the first communications between mother and child. Normally, joyfulness naturally erupts between mother and infant as they perform baby talk spontaneously and instinctively.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">This attunement and bonding between parent and infant underpin a sense of safety, and they are accompanied by mutual joy that provides grounding for the play drive to respond to opportunities that arise. In contrast, when that attunement process between parent and child is interrupted or does not occur, early child development is disrupted. Then infants tend to see the world as threatening and unsafe, and they are less ready for play.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/allanschore.com\/pdf\/SchoreAnnaFreud2009.pdf\">Allan N. Schore<\/a>, a leading neuropsychologist, has shown how fine attunement and trust between mothers and infants produce mutual electrical rhythms that shape the baby\u2019s brain and, likely, set the foundations for a child being able to play and establish trust with other people.<\/span><span style=\"color: black; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Risks_of_%E2%80%98helicopter_parenting_for_social_and_emotional_learning\"><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Risks of \u2018helicopter\u2019 parenting for social and emotional learning<\/span><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">For parents in general, an issue that is more relevant than severe play deprivation is the need for children to be able to respond to play within their own instinctive capability. Parents or caretakers should allow that natural gleeful pleasure in play to emerge in its own way. However, \u2018helicopter\u2019 parents sometimes orchestrate how they think infants should play rather than leave them free to respond.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6302\" style=\"width: 1010px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6302\" class=\"wp-image-6302 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_683837548.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_683837548.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_683837548-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_683837548-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_683837548-356x237.jpg 356w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_683837548-50x33.jpg 50w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/shutterstock_683837548-900x600.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-6302\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: Shutterstock<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">When children are highly sensitized to what the adults want to see, or their parents have a fixed plan for what their children should become, they may learn to suppress their intrinsic play experience to fit the adult who is trying to mold them. So authentic play is set aside to gain their parents\u2019 approval. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Among my early interviewees was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Charles-Whitman\">Charles Whitman<\/a>, whose childhood play history featured consistent play deprivation due to an overbearing and disturbed father. In August 1966, in Austin, Texas, Whitman killed his mother and his wife. Then, by sniper fire from the University of Texas clock tower, he killed more than a dozen people and wounded more than 30. <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">His preschool teachers, recalling Whitman\u2019s childhood, said that, rather than spontaneously engage in activities of his choice, he would look carefully to see what pleased the teacher. He mimicked what he thought would be appropriate rather than picking behavior that was true to himself. He became a gifted mimic, hiding his inner feelings from others.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Such compensatory behavior occurs among many play-deprived children \u2013 they can become skilled in pleasing adults and in conforming behavior. In doing so, they are not expressing their own motivations. That intrinsic motivation is found in childhood through play. If children don\u2019t play, they do not find the authentic exuberance that is so obvious in the playground when they play freely from within themselves.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Play-deprived_early_child_development\"><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Play-deprived early child development<\/span><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">In contrast, severely play-deprived children will tend to engage in automatic and repetitive activities, failing to engage socially. In later childhood, the play-deprived child may have more explosive reactions to circumstances rather than a sense of belonging.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">As adults, they are often unoptimistic and subject to smoldering depression due to a lack of joy in their lives. They tend to be more ideologically fixed and certain with little ambiguity in their social worlds. That\u2019s because <a href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/play-and-learn\/\">play fosters the social and emotional learning<\/a> and acceptance that ambiguity is a part of complex and human interactions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Play-saturated children tend to have more resilience. They feel comfortable with, and are curious to know, other children who are different. Tolerance and developing empathy are natural outgrowths of more complex play processes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Rough-and-tumble play provides nuanced social learning that inclusion and exclusion is part of the politics of human beings getting along. It is not a life or death thing \u2013 you can roll with the punches and still belong to social groups. A child who does not gain this social and emotional learning may become hyper-reactive to criticism, interpreting it as exclusion.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>\u201cReviewing incarcerated young male murderers, I noted that none of them remembered \u201cnormal\u201d playground rough and tumble play \u2026 Bullying and inappropriately acted out aggression were their \u201cplay\u201d patterns.\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The late <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/1084641\">Brian Sutton-Smith<\/a>, a pioneering play researcher, contended that among adults who continuously disrupted a group process in, say, a church or civic organization, one could normally find that play deficits had occurred in their childhoods which appeared to keep them from \u2018belonging.\u2019 This disrupted early child development created a lack of social skills and made it difficult for them to participate in tribal sharing and cooperative activity in an adult unit.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Play_implications_for_social_and_emotional_learning\"><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Play implications for social and emotional learning<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Is there a play crisis? We should certainly be alert to the possibility. Numerous influences are currently diminishing access to self-organized childhood play. We do not know the outcome of these many influences. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">All parents should identify their own play nature, recognize the spontaneous play natures of their children, and allow environments to nourish those natures. The anarchy of normal play at preschool should be given space. Within it lies a complicated learning process, as complicated as learning to read. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The social and emotional learning that is fundamental in play behavior is vital for human survival. Play might seem trivial in industrial societies, but we should understand that it exists because it helps us adapt to each other. It is a basic aspect of human socialization that lets us have more fun with each other and, yes, helps to keep us from killing each other and allows a cooperative ethic to develop in each of us.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/learning-through-play\/\">Play also equals learning<\/a>. Children engaged playfully will have memorable learning experiences. If math is joyful with a playful teacher, children learn better. Play should be infused into the education system because it makes learning joyful and school into a source of reward, not a punishment.<\/p>\n<p>In the West, <a href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/importance-of-play-in-child-development-education\/\">we have distorted life by separating work and play<\/a>, forgetting our pasts as hunter-gatherers, in which sharing and joyfulness were integrated into the task of finding food. Honoring a human need to be in a state of play and seeing this as a public health necessity is as important as hand washing, good nutrition or careful driving.<\/p>\n<p>Educators, pediatricians and families should advocate for and protect unstructured play and playful learning in preschools and schools.<\/p>\n<p>Teachers should focus on playful rather than didactic learning by letting children take the lead and follow their own curiosity.<\/p>\n<div class=\"retrofit-references\">\n<h4>References<\/h4>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 1.8em;\"><em>\u00a0Brown S &amp; Vaughan C (2010), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.penguinrandomhouse.com\/books\/303738\/play-by-stuart-brown\/9781583333785\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Play, how it shapes the brain, opens the imagination and invigorates the soul<\/a>, Penguin Random House<\/em><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Long-term impacts of play deprivation during early child development include isolation, depression, reduced self-control and poor resilience.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":6304,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5780,438],"tags":[43,46,371,7,474,384,448,25,33,267,400,39,454,5793,455,272],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6301"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6301"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6301\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22834,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6301\/revisions\/22834"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6304"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}