{"id":13224,"date":"2020-02-08T10:52:45","date_gmt":"2020-02-08T10:52:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/?p=13224"},"modified":"2025-04-10T18:44:54","modified_gmt":"2025-04-10T17:44:54","slug":"childrens-mental-health-high-achieving-schools-risk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/childrens-mental-health-high-achieving-schools-risk\/","title":{"rendered":"High-achieving schools pose high risks for children\u2019s mental health"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Stress in children at \u2018the best\u2019 schools can triple risks of anxiety, depression, substance abuse and delinquency.<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">Children in America\u2019s \u201cgood schools\u201d \u2013 those with high test scores and graduates heading to selective colleges \u2013 may look like they have it all<\/span><span class=\"s3\">. B<\/span><span class=\"s3\">ut appearances mask an epidemic of\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">children\u2019s\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">mental health problems. In fact,\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/nationalacademies.org\/hmd\/Reports\/2019\/vibrant-and-healthy-kids.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"s8\">major policy reports<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0now list students at high-achieving schools as an at-risk group,\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rwjf.org\/en\/library\/research\/2018\/06\/inspiring-and-powering-the-future--a-new-view-of-adolescence.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"s8\">alongside children in poverty<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s3\">, those experiencing trauma, and those in foster care or with <a href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/tag\/incarcerated-parents\/\">incarcerated parents<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">Rates of clinically significant anxiety and depression can be as high as six times the national norm in many high-achieving schools (HASs), where children\u2019s mental health is severely affected by ongoing, ubiquitous, and unrelenting\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/psycnet.apa.org\/record\/2019-65949-001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"s8\">pressure to achieve<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s3\">.<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">Students are scrambling to stay on top of a group of high performers; amid a squeeze of the middle classes in the US, young people tend to\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">fear<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">that, unless they are among the very top performers, they will somehow be left behind.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">P<\/span><span class=\"s3\">ressure\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">on these children\u2019s mental health\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">come<\/span><span class=\"s3\">s<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0from multiple sources in their lives, including teachers, coaches, parents and peers. Elite universities \u2013 fervently sought by many of these children \u2013 play an important role, as they pick fewer and fewer from many applicants with exemplary resumes. By 2018, the admissions rate for the top 50 ranked US higher education institutions had dropped to 22.6 per cent, down from 35.9 per cent in 2006. The drop was most pronounced in the top 10 schools, where the admissions rate fell in that 12<\/span><span class=\"s3\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"s3\">year period by almost two thirds, from 16 percent to 6.4 percent.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #121c4e;color:#121c4e\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #121c4e;color:#121c4e\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/childrens-mental-health-high-achieving-schools-risk\/#Childrens_mental_health_problems_in_every_high-achieving_school\" >Children\u2019s mental health problems in every high-achieving school<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/childrens-mental-health-high-achieving-schools-risk\/#Childrens_mental_health_problems_observed_as_early_as_7\" >Children\u2019s mental health problems observed\u00a0as early as 7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/childrens-mental-health-high-achieving-schools-risk\/#Stressors_on_childrens_mental_health\" >Stressors on\u00a0children\u2019s\u00a0mental health<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/childrens-mental-health-high-achieving-schools-risk\/#Multiple_approaches_to_improving_childrens_mental_health\" >Multiple approaches to improving children\u2019s mental health<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/childrens-mental-health-high-achieving-schools-risk\/#Parents_have_a_key_role_in_supporting_their_childrens_mental_health\" >Parents have a key role\u00a0in supporting their children\u2019s mental health<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/childrens-mental-health-high-achieving-schools-risk\/#HAS_youth_and_universities\" >HAS youth and universities\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Childrens_mental_health_problems_in_every_high-achieving_school\"><\/span><span class=\"s9\">Children\u2019s mental health problems in every high-achieving school<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">Our group, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.AuthConn.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Authentic Connections<\/a>, has found high rates of serious disturbance \u2013 anxiety, depression, substance abuse or delinquency \u2013 in every HAS we have studied, including day schools and boarding schools,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">and\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">public and private schools. These rates can be two to three times the national averages, and in some cases, six times as high and even greater. Other developmental researchers have shown that in large national data sets, serious problems\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">in children\u2019s mental health\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">tend to be the highest in schools at the lowest and highest levels of community affluence, with those in the middle income range faring the best.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">It\u2019s not surprising to find high levels of stress amid poverty, given challenges related to physical and emotional survival and its consequent ill<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">effects on mental health. But it\u2019s unsettling to find that a notion of \u201csurvival of the fittest\u201d is leading to similar symptoms in high-achieving settings, where anxiety about being (or remaining) among the small group of the \u201cvery best among the best\u201d can lead, essentially, to a state of hypervigilance.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Childrens_mental_health_problems_observed_as_early_as_7\"><\/span><span class=\"s9\">Children\u2019s mental health problems observed<\/span><span class=\"s9\">\u00a0as early as 7<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">Most of the HAS samples we have studied are from high schools, or grades 9-12 in the US, but we have documented high distress levels among younger children as well, starting around 6<\/span><span class=\"s3\">th<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0and 7<\/span><span class=\"s3\">th<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0grade (ages 12<\/span><span class=\"s3\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"s3\">13). Anecdotally, many of our school collaborators routinely report seeing high levels of stress among HAS children when they are as young as 7\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">or<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">8.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>\u201cMajor policy reports now list students at high-achieving schools as an at-risk group, alongside children in poverty, those experiencing trauma, and those in foster care or with incarcerated parents.\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">I first stumbled upon the risks to\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">children\u2019s mental health in\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">high-achieving cohorts in 1999. In<\/span><span class=\"s10\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3535189\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"s8\">this early study<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0involving relatively affluent, suburban students, we were surprised to see higher rates of problems among them as compared not only to national norms, but also to their counterparts in poverty.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">In our early interpretations of these findings, we speculated that suburban youth might have experienced some degree of isolation from parents (who often had demanding jobs), and also, perhaps, lack of after-school supervision (as communities generally seemed to be safe). It has taken me over 20 years of research, and dozens of conversations with adults and students across the country, to see clearly that this is a systemic issue. There are serious stressors coming from all levels of influence in HAS students\u2019 lives \u2013 not just from families but also peers, schools, and universities.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Stressors_on_childrens_mental_health\"><\/span><span class=\"s9\">S<\/span><span class=\"s9\">tressors on\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s9\">children\u2019s\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s9\">mental health<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">Consider just the <a href=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/adolescent-skills-development\/\">stressors<\/a> coming from peers. Adolescence is a time when children are supposed to form close relationships with their peers. But how does one get truly close to, and trusting of, peers with whom one is in direct competition for being\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">the\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">star or \u201cstandout\u201d?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">Teachers\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">in HAS<\/span><span class=\"s3\">s<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">are\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">expected to<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">maintain high test scores, and naturally, these expectations filter down to their students, resulting in gruelling workloads and hours of homework. Coaches want to win prestigious sports competitions, again resulting in long hours of practice among\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">student<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">athletes plus, of course, high pressure during their games.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">And\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">as I\u2019ve said<\/span><span class=\"s3\">, the admissions criteria of selective colleges are a major root cause. There is little hope of getting into a well-reputed college unless a child has stellar accolades across multiple academic and extracurricular domains (and often, even these<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0aren\u2019t enough<\/span><span class=\"s3\">, given the growing number of accomplished applicants).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">The problem is not confined to the United States. When I present our findings on\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">these schools<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">to international audiences, they acknowledge that a constant battle to succeed in high-achieving environments is taking a toll on their children\u2019s mental health as well.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13233\" style=\"width: 1166px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13233\" class=\"wp-image-13233\" src=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/15106611280_9952d52fde_o-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1156\" height=\"652\" srcset=\"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/15106611280_9952d52fde_o-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/15106611280_9952d52fde_o-356x200.jpg 356w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/15106611280_9952d52fde_o-50x28.jpg 50w, https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/15106611280_9952d52fde_o.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1156px) 100vw, 1156px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-13233\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Photo:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/telcomintl\/15106611280\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Tom Woods<\/a>. Creative Commons. <\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Multiple_approaches_to_improving_childrens_mental_health\"><\/span><span class=\"s9\">Multiple approaches to improving children\u2019s mental health<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">How do we tackle this epidemic? The first step is for schools to know how they\u2019re doing on critical aspects of\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">children\u2019s<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0mental health. This implies a rigorous assessment, using research-based instruments and sophisticated analyses of data, to pinpoint the most important issues to be addressed within that particular community. I\u2019ve found repeatedly that when parents, faculty and administrators see findings on their own children (rather than data on HAS kids in general), the adults begin to mobilise for change. It tends to be a wake-up call as they understand that of, say,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">10<\/span><span class=\"s3\">children sitting around their kitchen table on a given evening, four could be struggling with serious depression or substance abuse.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">Next, we need collaborations between parents and educators to take meaningful steps toward reducing the high stress levels. One place to start is by looking at practices that exacerbate competition among kids, as well as feelings of embarrassment when they don\u2019t \u201cmeasure up\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">Do the students receive marked assignments and tests in the order of grades, for example, so that everyone knows who has the top scores and who has the lowest? Do coaches replay \u2013 for the whole team \u2013 videos of a mistake that one team member made during a particular game? After college acceptance, do students come to school wearing the\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">logo<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">of the schools to which they are headed \u2013 and thus\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">publicly embarrass<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">those who are accepted by less prestigious institutions?<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Parents_have_a_key_role_in_supporting_their_childrens_mental_health\"><\/span><span class=\"s9\">Parents have a key role<\/span><span class=\"s9\">\u00a0in supporting their children\u2019s mental health<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">Parents and teachers can help in other ways. Research has shown that children feel the effects of harsh words much more keenly than those of praise or affection. So minimising negative interactions is vital, especially because these highly pressured children are already fragile.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">A balanced perspective on achievement also matters greatly. We\u2019ve found that adolescents have better mental health (and better test scores) when they believe that\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27830404\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"s8\">both their parents value character traits<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0such as being helpful and respectful as much as, or more than, achievements such as attending a good college, exce<\/span><span class=\"s3\">l<\/span><span class=\"s3\">ling academically or having a successful career.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">Getting a handle on substance use in adolescents is important.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">HAS students<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0consume alcohol and drugs, and suffer from addiction at higher rates than their peers. Our studies have shown that if parents are\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18423096\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"s8\">perceived as lax<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0on this front, teenagers\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">may\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">use more often, and that this is linked to greater risk of\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28558858\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"s8\">addiction<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0in early adulthood.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HAS_youth_and_universities\"><\/span><span class=\"s9\">HAS youth and universities\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">The elevated\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">problems<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0of HAS\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">children\u2019s mental health<\/span><span class=\"s3\">, which begin to appear as early as elementary school, become clearly manifest in alarming ways when they get to college. In US universities, campus mental health services routinely report that they are overwhelmed by\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">students\u2019\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">serious mental health issues.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>\u201cColleagues internationally acknowledge that a constant battle to succeed in high-achieving environments is taking a toll on their children\u2019s mental health as well.\u201d\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">But universities have thus far remained largely uninvolved in the conversation about distress among high<\/span><span class=\"s3\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"s3\">achieving students<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u2014even\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">though much of this is tied to acceptance policies, particularly at selective institutions. One suggestion to consider, raised by my colleague Barry Schwartz many years ago, was that<\/span><span class=\"s3\">,<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0after students\u2019\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">r<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00e9<\/span><span class=\"s3\">sum\u00e9s<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0reach a stipulated point of excellence, college admissions might essentially use a lottery process. \u00a0The underlying logic is that<\/span><span class=\"s3\">,<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0in reality, there is always some randomness in final selections culled from thousands of stellar applicants; knowledge of this could help stop students from feverishly pursuing that one extra percentage point in a course, or ta<\/span><span class=\"s3\">k<\/span><span class=\"s3\">ing<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0on yet another demanding sport, believing that this would be the tipping point in gaining acceptance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s3\">Whether or not universities consider such changes (or others) to their admissions policies, leaders in higher education\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">must\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">begin to address what has truly become an epidemic of distress in today\u2019s high achieving schools. It would be invaluable for these leaders to join collaborative conversations involving HAS educators, developmental scientists, parents and practitioners, and ultimately, policy makers at the local and national levels.<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">In the absence of such collaborati<\/span><span class=\"s3\">on<\/span><span class=\"s3\">, we will only see further escalation of the already frightening rates of\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">children\u2019s mental health problems, such as\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">serious depression, anxiety,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">and\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">self-harm<\/span><span class=\"s3\">,<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">that affect<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0a large swath of today\u2019s young \u2013 at least 20-25 percent of children who are attending the \u201cgood schools\u201d in the United States.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"retrofit-references\">\n<h4>References<\/h4>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 1.8em;\"><em>\u00a0<span class=\"s3\">Luthar SS &amp; Kumar NL (2018), Youth in High-Achieving Schools: Challenges to mental health and directions for evidence-based interventions. In\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">Leschied<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0AW,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">Saklofske<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0DH &amp;\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">Flett<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0GL,\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/gp\/book\/9783319898414\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"s11\">Handbook of School-Based Mental Health Promotion: An Evidence-Informed Framework<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s3\">, Springer<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 1.8em;\"><em>\u00a0<span class=\"s3\">Luthar SS, Kumar NL &amp;\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s3\">Zillmer<\/span><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0N (2019),\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/psycnet.apa.org\/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Famp0000556\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"s11\">High Achieving Schools connote significant risks for adolescents: Problems documented, processes implicated, and directions for interventions<\/span><\/a><span class=\"s3\">, American Psychologist<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Stress in children at \u2018the best\u2019 schools can triple risks of anxiety, depression, substance abuse and delinquency.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":152,"featured_media":13230,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5774,438],"tags":[45,384,33,267,6,272],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13224"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/152"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13224"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13224\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21978,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13224\/revisions\/21978"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13224"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13224"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/childandfamilyblog.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13224"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}